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DBMS > 4D vs. EXASOL vs. LevelDB vs. NuoDB vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. EXASOL vs. LevelDB vs. NuoDB vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.exasol.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasewww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.exasol.com/­resourcesgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddoc.nuodb.comdocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncExasolGoogleDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.
Initial release19842000201120132017
Current releasev20, April 20231.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial infolimited edition freecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesnoyesSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java
Lua
Python
R
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsnoJava, SQLyes
Triggersyesyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDB
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoHadoop integrationnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoTemporary tableno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardnoStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersRole-based access control

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionEXASOLLevelDBNuoDBTigerGraph
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