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DBMS > 4D vs. EXASOL vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. EXASOL vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#379  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.exasol.comwww.hawkular.orggithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.exasol.com/­resourceswww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guide
Developer4D, IncExasolCommunity supported by Red Hat8Kdata
Initial release1984200020142016
Current releasev20, April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
HTTP REST
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java
Lua
Python
R
Go
Java
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsno
Triggersyesyesyes infovia Hawkular Alertingno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infobased on CassandraSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoHadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionEXASOLHawkular MetricsToroDB
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