DBMS > 4D vs. EXASOL vs. Graph Engine vs. JaguarDB vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. EXASOL vs. Graph Engine vs. JaguarDB vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

High-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.

A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engine

Performant, highly scalable DBMS for AI and IoT applications

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Key-value store
Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.99
Rank	#124	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	0.61
Rank	#240	Overall
	#21	Graph DBMS
	#35	Key-value stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#60	Key-value stores
	#13	Vector DBMS

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.exasol.com/resources

www.graphengine.io/docs/manual

www.jaguardb.com/support.html

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Exasol

Microsoft

DataJaguar, Inc.

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

1984

2000

2010

2015

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.3 July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

GPL V3.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

.NET and C

C++

the server part. Clients available in other languages

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

.NET

Linux

hosted

Data scheme

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

but no views, foreign keys, triggers

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java
Lua
Python
R

C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic

C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storage

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

rights management via user accounts

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.