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DBMS > 4D vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Oracle Coherence

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Oracle Coherence

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Coherence  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformOracles in-memory data grid solution
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeKey-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.76
Rank#139  Overall
#62  Relational DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score1.97
Rank#129  Overall
#22  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.exasol.comcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.oracle.com/­java/­coherence
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.exasol.com/­resourcescloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­middleware/­standalone/­coherence
Developer4D, IncExasolGoogleOracle
Initial release1984200020082007
Current releasev20, April 202314.1, August 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, details hereyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesSQL-like query language (GQL)no
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java
Lua
Python
R
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsusing Google App Engineno
TriggersyesyesCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes infoLive Events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using Paxosyes, with selectable consistency level
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoHadoop integrationyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactionsconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infooptionally
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)authentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionEXASOLGoogle Cloud DatastoreOracle Coherence
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