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DBMS > 4D vs. EXASOL vs. Geode vs. Hazelcast vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. EXASOL vs. Geode vs. Hazelcast vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesA widely adopted in-memory data gridA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeKey-value storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.76
Rank#139  Overall
#62  Relational DBMS
Score1.86
Rank#134  Overall
#24  Key-value stores
Score5.46
Rank#61  Overall
#7  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.exasol.comgeode.apache.orghazelcast.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.exasol.com/­resourcesgeode.apache.org/­docshazelcast.org/­imdg/­docs
Developer4D, IncExasolOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.Hazelcast8Kdata
Initial release19842000200220082016
Current releasev20, April 20231.1, February 20175.3.6, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as GemfireOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesSQL-like query language (OQL)SQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java
Lua
Python
R
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsuser defined functionsyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Services
Triggersyesyesyes infoCache Event Listenersyes infoEventsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationyes infoReplicated MapSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoHadoop integrationnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyes, on a single nodeone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights per client and object definableRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionEXASOLGeodeHazelcastToroDB
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