DBMS > 4D vs. EXASOL vs. Firebolt vs. Stardog vs. SwayDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. EXASOL vs. Firebolt vs. Stardog vs. SwayDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

High-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.

Highly scalable cloud data warehouse and analytics product

Forked from Clickhouse

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

An embeddable, non-blocking, type-safe key-value store for single or multiple disks and in-memory storage

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.99
Rank	#124	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	1.90
Rank	#134	Overall
	#62	Relational DBMS

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#382	Overall
	#59	Key-value stores

Website

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.exasol.com/resources

docs.firebolt.io

docs.stardog.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Exasol

Firebolt Analytics Inc.

Stardog-Union

Simer Plaha

Initial release

1984

2000

2020

2010

2018

Current release

v20, April 2023

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Open Source

GNU Affero GPL V3.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Scala

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket

.Net
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java
Lua
Python
R

Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Java
Kotlin
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

depending on storage layer

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic execution of operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

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