DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. EJDB vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. EJDB vs. LevelDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Embeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.27
Rank	#297	Overall
	#44	Document stores

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

impala.apache.org

github.com/Softmotions/ejdb

github.com/google/leveldb

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

github.com/Softmotions/ejdb/blob/master/README.md

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Softmotions

Google

Initial release

1984

2013

2012

2011

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.1.0, June 2022

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

GPLv2

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

server-less

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, bool, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

in-process shared library

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

typically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possible

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Read/Write Locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

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