DBMS > 4D vs. EJDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HugeGraph vs. Oracle NoSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. EJDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HugeGraph vs. Oracle NoSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Embeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.27
Rank	#297	Overall
	#44	Document stores

Score	3.26
Rank	#92	Overall
	#13	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	0.13
Rank	#336	Overall
	#32	Graph DBMS

Score	2.95
Rank	#100	Overall
	#17	Document stores
	#17	Key-value stores
	#50	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

github.com/Softmotions/ejdb

cloud.google.com/bigtable

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

github.com/Softmotions/ejdb/blob/master/README.md

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Softmotions

Google

Baidu

Oracle

Initial release

1984

2012

2015

2018

2011

Current release

v20, April 2023

0.9

23.3, December 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPLv2

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

server-less

hosted

Linux
macOS
Unix

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, bool, date, object_id

yes

optional

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

in-process shared library

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Groovy
Java
Python

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via hugegraph-spark

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

typically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possible

yes

edges in graph

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic single-row operations

ACID

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Read/Write Locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

off heap cache

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Users, roles and permissions

Access rights for users and roles

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