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DBMS > 4D vs. DuckDB vs. Stardog vs. TempoIQ vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. DuckDB vs. Stardog vs. TempoIQ vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationScalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMSGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.4d.comduckdb.orgwww.stardog.comtempoiq.com (offline)github.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comduckdb.org/­docsdocs.stardog.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
Developer4D, IncStardog-UnionTempoIQAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release19842018201020122012
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.0, June 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercialOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-lessLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Servernono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
HTTP APIJava API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javanoyes
Triggersyesnoyes infovia event handlersyes infoRealtime Alertsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication in HA-Clusteryes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes inforelationships in graphsnoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users and rolessimple authentication-based access controlUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDuckDBStardogTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDBTitan
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20 August 2015, All Things Distributed

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13 January 2017, Datanami

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