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DBMS > 4D vs. DuckDB vs. Realm vs. RRDtool vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. DuckDB vs. Realm vs. RRDtool vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.Key-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing method
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeTime Series DBMSKey-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.68
Rank#76  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score7.71
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score2.14
Rank#124  Overall
#10  Time Series DBMS
Score0.06
Rank#365  Overall
#55  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comduckdb.orgrealm.iooss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtoolgithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comduckdb.org/­docsrealm.io/­docsoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­doc
Developer4D, IncRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Tobias OetikerSTS Soft SC
Initial release19842018201419992011
Current releasev20, April 20230.10, February 20241.8.0, 20224.0.8, September 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen SourceOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSSOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# availableC#
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-lessAndroid
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
HP-UX
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesNumeric data onlyyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesnonono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
in-process shared library
Pipes
.NET Client API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnono inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessarynono
Triggersyesnoyes infoChange Listenersnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnonenonenonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoby using the rrdcached daemonyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoIn-Memory realmyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoyesnono

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDuckDBRealmRRDtoolSTSdb
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