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DBMS > 4D vs. DuckDB vs. eXtremeDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. DuckDB vs. eXtremeDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerEmbeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSKey-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score5.61
Rank#60  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score0.79
Rank#212  Overall
#100  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score18.98
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#97  Overall
#16  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comduckdb.orgwww.mcobject.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsrocksdb.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comduckdb.org/­docswww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsgithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wiki
Developer4D, IncMcObjectMicrosoftFacebook, Inc.
Initial release19842018200120162013
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.0, June 20248.2, 20219.4.0, June 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C and C++C++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-lessAIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infosupport of XML interfaces availablenono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
C#
Java
PHP
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesTransact SQLno
Triggersyesnoyes infoby defining eventsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonehorizontal partitioning / shardingSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneActive Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
yesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoyesno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDuckDBeXtremeDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRocksDB
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