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DBMS > 4D vs. DuckDB vs. Ignite vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. DuckDB vs. Ignite vs. VoltDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSApache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score3.16
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Score1.44
Rank#158  Overall
#73  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comduckdb.orgignite.apache.orgwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comduckdb.org/­docsapacheignite.readme.io/­docsdocs.voltdb.com
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationVoltDB Inc.
Initial release1984201820152010
Current releasev20, April 20230.10, February 2024Apache Ignite 2.611.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++, Java, .NetJava, C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-lessLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)Java
Triggersyesnoyes (cache interceptors and events)no
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyes (replicated cache)Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoSecurity Hooks for custom implementationsUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDuckDBIgniteVoltDB
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