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DBMS > 4D vs. DuckDB vs. IBM Db2 vs. Realm vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. DuckDB vs. IBM Db2 vs. Realm vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing method
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBDocument storeKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score128.46
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score0.04
Rank#360  Overall
#52  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comduckdb.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2realm.iogithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comduckdb.org/­docswww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2realm.io/­docs
Developer4D, IncIBMRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019STS Soft SC
Initial release198420181983 infohost version20142011
Current releasev20, April 20230.10, February 202412.1, October 20164.0.8, September 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercial infofree version is availableOpen SourceOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C and C++C#
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-lessAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyesnono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
.NET Client API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
C#
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryno
Triggersyesnoyesyes infoChange Listenersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Versionnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)nonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDuckDBIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2RealmSTSdb
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