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DBMS > 4D vs. DuckDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Realm vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. DuckDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Realm vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing method
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument storeKey-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score0.04
Rank#360  Overall
#52  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comduckdb.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantrealm.iogithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comduckdb.org/­docscloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantrealm.io/­docs
Developer4D, IncIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019STS Soft SC
Initial release19842018201020142011
Current releasev20, April 20230.10, February 20244.0.8, September 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++ErlangC#
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-lesshostedAndroid
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesnonono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API.NET Client API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
C#
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryno
Triggersyesnoyesyes infoChange Listenersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
nonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoOptimistic lockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyesno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDuckDBIBM CloudantRealmSTSdb
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