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DBMS > 4D vs. DuckDB vs. EXASOL vs. YottaDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. DuckDB vs. EXASOL vs. YottaDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonYottaDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.A fast and solid embedded Key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS infousing the Octo plugin
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score1.76
Rank#139  Overall
#62  Relational DBMS
Score0.28
Rank#306  Overall
#44  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comduckdb.orgwww.exasol.comyottadb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comduckdb.org/­docswww.exasol.com/­resourcesyottadb.com/­resources/­documentation
Developer4D, IncExasolYottaDB, LLC
Initial release1984201820002001
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.0, June 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL 3.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-lessDocker
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyesby using the Octo plugin
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
PostgreSQL wire protocol infousing the Octo plugin
Proprietary protocol
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Java
Lua
Python
R
C
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
M
Perl
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions
Triggersyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoHadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardUsers and groups based on OS-security mechanisms

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDuckDBEXASOLYottaDB
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