DBMS > 4D vs. Dolt vs. HugeGraph vs. SpatiaLite vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dolt vs. HugeGraph vs. SpatiaLite vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A MySQL compatible DBMS with Git-like versioning of data and schema

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

Spatial extension of SQLite

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.96
Rank	#193	Overall
	#90	Relational DBMS

Score	0.13
Rank	#336	Overall
	#32	Graph DBMS

Score	1.60
Rank	#149	Overall
	#3	Spatial DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

github.com/dolthub/dolt
www.dolthub.com

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

www.gaia-gis.it/fossil/libspatialite/index

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.dolthub.com

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

www.gaia-gis.it/gaia-sins/spatialite_topics.html

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

4D, Inc

DoltHub Inc

Baidu

Alessandro Furieri

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

1984

2018

2008

2000

Current release

v20, April 2023

0.9

5.0.0, August 2020

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

MPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
macOS
Unix

server-less

Data scheme

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

CLI Client
HTTP REST

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Groovy
Java
Python

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

currently in alpha release

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

A database can be cloned to multiple locations and be used there in isolation. Data/schema changes can be pushed/pulled explicitly between locations.

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

via hugegraph-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

edges in graph

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Only one user is configurable, and must be specified in the config file at startup

Users, roles and permissions

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