DBMS > 4D vs. Dolt vs. Firebird vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dolt vs. Firebird vs. Tkrzw

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A MySQL compatible DBMS with Git-like versioning of data and schema

Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBase

A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.02
Rank	#191	Overall
	#89	Relational DBMS

Score	20.50
Rank	#30	Overall
	#18	Relational DBMS

Score	0.07
Rank	#372	Overall
	#57	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

github.com/dolthub/dolt
www.dolthub.com

www.firebirdsql.org

dbmx.net/tkrzw

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.dolthub.com

www.firebirdsql.org/en/reference-manuals

Developer

4D, Inc

DoltHub Inc

Firebird Foundation

Mikio Hirabayashi

Initial release

1984

2018

2000

As fork of Borland's InterBase

2020

Current release

v20, April 2023

5.0.0, January 2024

0.9.3, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Initial Developer's Public License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less

Firebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

CLI Client
HTTP REST

ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC

Jaybird
ODBC
OLE DB

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Java
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

currently in alpha release

PSQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

A database can be cloned to multiple locations and be used there in isolation. Data/schema changes can be pushed/pulled explicitly between locations.

Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Features a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writers

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using specific database classes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Only one user is configurable, and must be specified in the config file at startup

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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