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DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Prometheus vs. SingleStore vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Prometheus vs. SingleStore vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score8.42
Rank#47  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Score5.60
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdgraph.ioprometheus.iowww.singlestore.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdgraph.io/­docsprometheus.io/­docsdocs.singlestore.comdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncDgraph Labs, Inc.SingleStore Inc.Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842016201520131998
Current releasev20, April 20238.5, January 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial infofree developer edition availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities
Implementation languageGoGoC++, Go
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux info64 bit version requiredAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data onlyyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoImport of XML data possiblenono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoyes infobut no triggers and foreign keysyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APICluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoyesPL/SQL
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardingSharding infohash partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSynchronous replication via Raftyes infoby FederationSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculationsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno infoPlanned for future releasesnoFine grained access control via users, groups and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDgraphPrometheusSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLTimesTen
Specific characteristicsSingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more
Competitive advantagesSingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
» more
Typical application scenariosDriving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more
Key customersIEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Market metricsCustomers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsF ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDgraphPrometheusSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLTimesTen
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