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DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Milvus vs. Spark SQL vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Milvus vs. Spark SQL vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSVector DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdgraph.iomilvus.iospark.apache.org/­sqlwww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdgraph.io/­docsmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncDgraph Labs, Inc.Apache Software Foundation
Initial release19842016201920142017
Current releasev20, April 20232.3.4, January 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageGoC++, GoScalaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnononoyes
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardingyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSynchronous replication via Raftnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno infoPlanned for future releasesRole based access control and fine grained access rightsnoRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDgraphMilvusSpark SQLTigerGraph
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDgraphMilvusSpark SQLTigerGraph
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