DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. LokiJS vs. Oracle Coherence vs. Prometheus

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. LokiJS vs. Oracle Coherence vs. Prometheus

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Oracles in-memory data grid solution

Open-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring system

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.43
Rank	#264	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	1.92
Rank	#130	Overall
	#22	Key-value stores

Score	8.42
Rank	#47	Overall
	#2	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

dgraph.io

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

www.oracle.com/java/coherence

prometheus.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

dgraph.io/docs

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

docs.oracle.com/en/middleware/standalone/coherence

prometheus.io/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Oracle

Initial release

1984

2016

2014

2007

2015

Current release

v20, April 2023

14.1, August 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data only

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JavaScript API

JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

JavaScript

.Net
C++
Java

.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

View functions in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Live Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

yes, with selectable consistency level

yes

by Federation

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

configurable

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

optionally

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Planned for future releases

authentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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