DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. LokiJS vs. OpenMLDB vs. Oracle Coherence

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. LokiJS vs. OpenMLDB vs. Oracle Coherence

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

An open-source machine learning database that provides a feature platform for training and inference

Oracles in-memory data grid solution

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.43
Rank	#264	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	0.02
Rank	#367	Overall
	#37	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.92
Rank	#130	Overall
	#22	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

dgraph.io

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

openmldb.ai

www.oracle.com/java/coherence

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

dgraph.io/docs

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

openmldb.ai/docs/zh/main

docs.oracle.com/en/middleware/standalone/coherence

Developer

4D, Inc

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

4 Paradigm Inc.

Oracle

Initial release

1984

2016

2014

2020

2007

Current release

v20, April 2023

2024-2 February 2024

14.1, August 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

C++, Java, Scala

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Fixed schema

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JavaScript API

JDBC
SQLAlchemy

JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

JavaScript

C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

.Net
C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

View functions in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Live Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

none

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

Source-replica replication

yes, with selectable consistency level

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

configurable

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

optionally

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

authentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication

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