DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. LokiJS vs. MySQL vs. Oracle Coherence

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. LokiJS vs. MySQL vs. Oracle Coherence

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Widely used open source RDBMS

Oracles in-memory data grid solution

Primary database model

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.43
Rank	#264	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	1.92
Rank	#130	Overall
	#22	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

dgraph.io

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

www.mysql.com

www.oracle.com/java/coherence

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

dgraph.io/docs

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

dev.mysql.com/doc

docs.oracle.com/en/middleware/standalone/coherence

Developer

4D, Inc

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Oracle

Initial release

1984

2016

2014

1995

2007

Current release

v20, April 2023

8.4.0, April 2024

14.1, August 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

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Implementation language

JavaScript

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JavaScript API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

JavaScript

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

View functions in JavaScript

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Live Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

none

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, with selectable consistency level

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

configurable

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

optionally

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Planned for future releases

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

authentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication

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