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DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Hypertable vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Hypertable vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAn open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSWide column storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comdgraph.ioorientdb.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdgraph.io/­docswww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
Developer4D, IncDgraph Labs, Inc.Hypertable Inc.OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release1984201620092010
Current releasev20, April 20230.9.8.11, March 20163.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
C++ API
Thrift
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoJava, Javascript
TriggersyesnonoHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSynchronous replication via Raftselectable replication factor on file system levelMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno infoPlanned for future releasesnoAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDgraphHypertableOrientDB
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