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DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Graph Engine vs. Sqrrl vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Graph Engine vs. Sqrrl vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonSqrrl  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
Sqrrl has been acquired by Amazon and became a part of Amazon Web Services. It has been removed from the DB-Engines ranking.ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineAdaptable, secure NoSQL built on Apache AccumuloA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comdgraph.iowww.graphengine.iosqrrl.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdgraph.io/­docswww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manual
Developer4D, IncDgraph Labs, Inc.MicrosoftAmazon infooriginally Sqrrl Data, Inc.8Kdata
Initial release19842016201020122016
Current releasev20, April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGo.NET and CJavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
.NETLinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIAccumulo Shell
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
Actionscript
C infousing GLib
C#
C++
Cocoa
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesno
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyeshorizontal partitioningSharding infomaking use of HadoopSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSynchronous replication via Raftselectable replication factor infomaking use of HadoopSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoDocument store kept consistent with combination of global timestamping, row-level transactions, and server-side consistency resolution.Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoAtomic updates per row, document, or graph entityno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno infoPlanned for future releasesCell-level Security, Data-Centric Security, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)Access rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDgraphGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinitySqrrlToroDB
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