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DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. LokiJS vs. Oracle Coherence

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. LokiJS vs. Oracle Coherence

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Coherence  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformIn-memory JavaScript DBMSOracles in-memory data grid solution
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument storeDocument storeKey-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score1.92
Rank#130  Overall
#22  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comdgraph.iocloud.google.com/­datastoregithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.oracle.com/­java/­coherence
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­datastore/­docstechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdocs.oracle.com/­en/­middleware/­standalone/­coherence
Developer4D, IncDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleOracle
Initial release19842016200820142007
Current releasev20, April 202314.1, August 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoJavaScriptJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)All OS with a Java VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, details herenoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infovia viewsno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSQL-like query language (GQL)nono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JavaScript APIJCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript.Net
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnousing Google App EngineView functions in JavaScriptno
TriggersyesnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesyes infoLive Events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication using Paxosnoneyes, with selectable consistency level
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.noneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactionsno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yes infooptionally
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noauthentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDgraphGoogle Cloud DatastoreLokiJSOracle Coherence
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