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DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. FoundationDB vs. Kinetica vs. LokiJS

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. FoundationDB vs. Kinetica vs. LokiJS

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsIn-memory JavaScript DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score0.64
Rank#236  Overall
#109  Relational DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comdgraph.iogithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.kinetica.comgithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJS
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdgraph.io/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.kinetica.comtechfort.github.io/­LokiJS
Developer4D, IncDgraph Labs, Inc.FoundationDBKinetica
Initial release19842016201320122014
Current releasev20, April 20236.2.28, November 20207.1, August 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++C, C++JavaScript
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linuxserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes infovia views
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nosupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JavaScript API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoin SQL-layer onlyuser defined functionsView functions in JavaScript
Triggersyesnonoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSynchronous replication via RaftyesSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationnone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoin SQL-layer onlyyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnono infoatomic operations within a single collection possible
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno infoPlanned for future releasesnoAccess rights for users and roles on table levelno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDgraphFoundationDBKineticaLokiJS
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