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DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Firebird vs. GraphDB vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Firebird vs. GraphDB vs. Tarantool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score1.67
Rank#143  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#65  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdgraph.iowww.firebirdsql.orgwww.ontotext.comwww.tarantool.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdgraph.io/­docswww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationwww.tarantool.io/­en/­doc
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
Developer4D, IncDgraph Labs, Inc.Firebird FoundationOntotextVK
Initial release198420162000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase20002008
Current releasev20, April 20235.0.0, January 202410.4, October 20232.10.0, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC and C++JavaC and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCFull-featured ANSI SQL support
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Open binary protocol
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoPSQLwell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityLua, C and SQL stored procedures
Triggersyesnoyesnoyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesnonenoneSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSynchronous replication via RaftSource-replica replicationMulti-source replicationAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes infoConstraint checkingyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes, cooperative multitasking
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, write ahead logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno infoPlanned for future releasesUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Access Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDgraphFirebirdGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMTarantool
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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