DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. EsgynDB vs. KeyDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. EsgynDB vs. KeyDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Enterprise-class SQL-on-Hadoop solution, powered by Apache Trafodion

An ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocols

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.16
Rank	#329	Overall
	#146	Relational DBMS

Score	0.71
Rank	#226	Overall
	#33	Key-value stores

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

www.4d.com

dgraph.io

www.esgyn.cn

github.com/Snapchat/KeyDB
keydb.dev

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

dgraph.io/docs

docs.keydb.dev

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

4D, Inc

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Esgyn

EQ Alpha Technology Ltd.

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

1984

2016

2015

2019

2004

Current release

v20, April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

BSD-3

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++, Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

partial

Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

by using the Redis Search module

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protoco

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures

Lua

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Synchronous replication via Raft

Multi-source replication between multi datacenters

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Optimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scripts

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

simple password-based access control and ACL

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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