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DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. SwayDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. SwayDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonSwayDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.An embeddable, non-blocking, type-safe key-value store for single or multiple disks and in-memory storage
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#382  Overall
#59  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comdgraph.iowww.exasol.comcloud.google.com/­spannerswaydb.simer.au
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdgraph.io/­docswww.exasol.com/­resourcescloud.google.com/­spanner/­docs
Developer4D, IncDgraph Labs, Inc.ExasolGoogleSimer Plaha
Initial release19842016200020172018
Current releasev20, April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoGNU Affero GPL V3.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoScala
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011no
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Lua
Python
R
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
Kotlin
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functionsnono
Triggersyesnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoHadoop integrationyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationAtomic execution of operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDgraphEXASOLGoogle Cloud SpannerSwayDB
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