DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. EJDB vs. LevelDB vs. Prometheus

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. EJDB vs. LevelDB vs. Prometheus

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Embeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Open-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring system

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.27
Rank	#297	Overall
	#44	Document stores

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	8.42
Rank	#47	Overall
	#2	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

dgraph.io

github.com/Softmotions/ejdb

github.com/google/leveldb

prometheus.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

dgraph.io/docs

github.com/Softmotions/ejdb/blob/master/README.md

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

prometheus.io/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Softmotions

Google

Initial release

1984

2016

2012

2011

2015

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

GPLv2

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, bool, date, object_id

Numeric data only

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

in-process shared library

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

yes

by Federation

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

typically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possible

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Read/Write Locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Planned for future releases

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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