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DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Drizzle vs. NuoDB vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Drizzle vs. NuoDB vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonDrizzle  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSMySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comdgraph.iowww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databaseorientdb.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdgraph.io/­docsdoc.nuodb.comwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
Developer4D, IncDgraph Labs, Inc.Drizzle project, originally started by Brian AkerDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release19842016200820132010
Current releasev20, April 20237.2.4, September 20123.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGNU GPLcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC++C++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infowith proprietary extensionsyesSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoJava, SQLJava, Javascript
Triggersyesnono infohooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.yesHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno infoPlanned for future releasesPluggable authentication mechanisms infoe.g. LDAP, HTTPStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDgraphDrizzleNuoDBOrientDB
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