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DBMS > 4D vs. Derby vs. GeoMesa vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Derby vs. GeoMesa vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonGeoMesa  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.GeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score0.78
Rank#213  Overall
#4  Spatial DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdb.apache.org/­derbywww.geomesa.orggithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlwww.geomesa.org/­documentation/­stable/­user/­index.html
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationCCRi and others8Kdata
Initial release1984199720142016
Current releasev20, April 202310.17.1.0, November 20234.0.5, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache License 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScalaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Proceduresno
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonedepending on storage layerSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationdepending on storage layerSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencydepending on storage layerEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesdepending on storage layer
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infodepending on the DBMS used for storageAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBGeoMesaToroDB
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