DBMS > 4D vs. Datomic vs. NSDb vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Datomic vs. NSDb vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. RethinkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Scalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.95
Rank	#100	Overall
	#17	Document stores
	#17	Key-value stores
	#50	Relational DBMS

Score	2.74
Rank	#105	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Website

www.4d.com

www.datomic.com

nsdb.io

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

rethinkdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.datomic.com

nsdb.io/Architecture

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

rethinkdb.com/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Cognitect

Oracle

The Linux Foundation

since July 2017

Initial release

1984

2012

2017

2011

2009

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.0.6735, June 2023

23.3, December 2023

2.4.1, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

Java, Scala

Java

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
macOS

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes: int, bigint, decimal, string

optional

yes

string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP API

gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Clojure
Java

Java
Scala

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

community-supported driver
C#

community-supported driver
C++

community-supported driver
Clojure

community-supported driver
Dart

community-supported driver
Erlang

community-supported driver
Go

community-supported driver
Haskell

community-supported driver
Java

official driver
JavaScript (Node.js)

official driver
Lisp

community-supported driver
Lua

community-supported driver
Objective-C

community-supported driver
Perl

community-supported driver
PHP

community-supported driver
Python

official driver
Ruby

official driver
Scala

community-supported driver

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

Triggers

yes

By using transaction functions

Client-side triggers through changefeeds

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

range based

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

Atomic single-document operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC based

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

Using Apache Lucene

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

off heap cache

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users and roles

yes

users and table-level permissions

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