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DBMS > 4D vs. Datomic vs. Immudb vs. OrientDB vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Datomic vs. Immudb vs. OrientDB vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)MultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Multivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score2.85
Rank#98  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.datomic.comgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
orientdb.orgwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidata
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.datomic.comdocs.immudb.iowww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmldocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata
Developer4D, IncCognitectCodenotaryOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPRocket Software
Initial release19842012202020101985
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.7075, December 20231.2.3, April 20223.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureGoJavaC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSQL-like syntaxSQL-like query language, no joinsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APIgRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoTransaction FunctionsnoJava, Javascriptyes
TriggersyesBy using transaction functionsnoHooksyes infoU2 Basic
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes inforelationship in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID infoconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDatomicImmudbOrientDBUniData,UniVerse
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