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DBMS > 4D vs. Datomic vs. Immudb vs. OrientDB vs. SAP Adaptive Server

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Datomic vs. Immudb vs. OrientDB vs. SAP Adaptive Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)The SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS infowith Boeing's Spatial Query Server
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score35.09
Rank#25  Overall
#17  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.datomic.comgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
orientdb.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-ase.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.datomic.comdocs.immudb.iowww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_ASE
Developer4D, IncCognitectCodenotaryOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPSAP, Sybase
Initial release19842012202020101987
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.7075, December 20231.2.3, April 20223.2.29, March 202416.0
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureGoJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSQL-like syntaxSQL-like query language, no joinsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APIgRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoTransaction FunctionsnoJava, JavascriptJava and Transact-SQL
TriggersyesBy using transaction functionsnoHooksyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes inforelationship in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurablefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDatomicImmudbOrientDBSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE
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