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DBMS > 4D vs. Datomic vs. H2 vs. LevelDB vs. YDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Datomic vs. H2 vs. LevelDB vs. YDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonYDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA distributed fault-tolerant database service, with high availability, scalability, immediate consistency and ACID transactions and providing an Amazon DynamoDB compatible API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.35
Rank#278  Overall
#43  Document stores
#127  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.datomic.comwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbgithub.com/­ydb-platform/­ydb
ydb.tech
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.datomic.comwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdydb.tech/­en/­docs
Developer4D, IncCognitectThomas MuellerGoogleYandex
Initial release19842012200520112019
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.6735, June 20232.2.220, July 20231.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0; commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureJavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesnoSQL-like query language (YQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
Java
JavaC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoTransaction FunctionsJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnono
TriggersyesBy using transaction functionsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneActive-passive shard replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights defined for Yandex Cloud users

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDatomicH2LevelDBYDB
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