DBMS > 4D vs. Datomic vs. GBase vs. PostGIS vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Datomic vs. GBase vs. PostGIS vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.

Spatial extension of PostgreSQL

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	1.07
Rank	#185	Overall
	#86	Relational DBMS

Score	22.69
Rank	#29	Overall
	#1	Spatial DBMS

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Website

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.datomic.com

postgis.net/documentation

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

4D, Inc

Cognitect

General Data Technology Co., Ltd.

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

1984

2012

2004

2005

1998

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.0.6735, June 2023

GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c

3.4.2, February 2024

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

Open Source

GPL v2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C, Java, Python

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

Standard with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Clojure
Java

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

user defined functions

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

yes

based on PostgreSQL

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

based on PostgreSQL

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

based on PostgreSQL

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

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