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DBMS > 4D vs. Datomic vs. FoundationDB vs. Hazelcast

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Datomic vs. FoundationDB vs. Hazelcast

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A widely adopted in-memory data grid
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score5.46
Rank#61  Overall
#7  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.datomic.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbhazelcast.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.datomic.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docs
Developer4D, IncCognitectFoundationDBHazelcast
Initial release1984201220132008
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.7075, December 20236.2.28, November 20205.3.6, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategy
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nosupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APIJCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
Java
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoTransaction Functionsin SQL-layer onlyyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Services
TriggersyesBy using transaction functionsnoyes infoEvents
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesyes infoReplicated Map
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus Algorithm
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoin SQL-layer onlyno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnonoRole-based access control

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDatomicFoundationDBHazelcast
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