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DBMS > 4D vs. Datomic vs. Faircom EDGE vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Datomic vs. Faircom EDGE vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonFaircom EDGE infoformerly c-treeEDGE  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityFairCom EDGE is an Industry 4.0 solution built to integrate, collect, aggregate and synchronize mission-critical data in edge computing environmentsFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score0.02
Rank#368  Overall
#54  Key-value stores
#156  Relational DBMS
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.datomic.comwww.faircom.com/­products/­faircom-edgewww.firebirdsql.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.datomic.comdocs.faircom.com/­docs/­en/­UUID-23d4f1fd-d213-f6d5-b92e-9b7475baa14e.htmlwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
Developer4D, IncCognitectFairCom CorporationFirebird FoundationMicrosoft
Initial release1984201219792000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase2019
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.6735, June 2023V3, October 20205.0.0, January 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freecommercial infoRestricted, free version availableOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureANSI C, C++C and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAndroid
Linux infoARM, x86
Raspbian
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, ANSI Standard SQL Typesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infoANSI SQL queriesyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
Direct SQL
IoT Microservice layer
JDBC
MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport)
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
Java
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
VB.Net
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoTransaction Functionsyes info.Net, JavaScript, C/C++PSQLYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersyesBy using transaction functionsyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersFile partitioning infoCustomizable business rules for partitioningnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infoSynchronous and asynchronous realtime replication based on transaction logsSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infowhen using SQLyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoacross SQL and NoSQLyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoFine grained user, group and file access rights managed across SQL (per ANSI standard) and NoSQL.Users with fine-grained authorization conceptAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDatomicFaircom EDGE infoformerly c-treeEDGEFirebirdMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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