DBMS > 4D vs. Databricks vs. H2 vs. LevelDB vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Databricks vs. H2 vs. LevelDB vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

The Databricks Lakehouse Platform combines elements of data lakes and data warehouses to provide a unified view onto structured and unstructured data. It is based on Apache Spark.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	78.61
Rank	#15	Overall
	#2	Document stores
	#10	Relational DBMS

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.17
Rank	#325	Overall
	#29	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.databricks.com

www.h2database.com

github.com/google/leveldb

terminusdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.databricks.com

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

Developer

4D, Inc

Databricks

Thomas Mueller

Google

DataChemist Ltd.

Initial release

1984

2013

2005

2011

2018

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

1.23, February 2021

11.0.0, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

GPL V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Prolog, Rust

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

with Databricks SQL

yes

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Python
R
Scala

Java

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

JavaScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and aggregates

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Graph Partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

none

Journaling Streams

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

in-memory journaling

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Supported database models : In addition to the Document store and Relational DBMS...
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