DBMS > 4D vs. Cubrid vs. dBASE vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Cubrid vs. dBASE vs. TinkerGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

CUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTP

dBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.20
Rank	#169	Overall
	#78	Relational DBMS

Score	10.34
Rank	#44	Overall
	#28	Relational DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#348	Overall
	#35	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

cubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)

www.dbase.com

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

cubrid.org/manuals

www.dbase.com/support/knowledgebase

Developer

4D, Inc

CUBRID Corporation, CUBRID Foundation

Asthon Tate

Initial release

1984

2008

1979

2009

Current release

v20, April 2023

11.0, January 2021

dBASE 2019, 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, C++, Java

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

DOS

dBase Classic
Windows

dBase Pro

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

none

The IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

dBase proprietary IDE

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures

The IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMS

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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