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DBMS > 4D vs. Coveo vs. SpatiaLite vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Coveo vs. SpatiaLite vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCoveo  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAI-powered hosted search, recommendation and personalization platform providing tools for both low-code and full-code developmentSpatial extension of SQLiteA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineSpatial DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.28
Rank#114  Overall
#11  Search engines
Score1.60
Rank#149  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.coveo.comwww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­indexwww.tigergraph.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.coveo.comwww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.htmldocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncCoveoAlessandro Furieri8Kdata
Initial release19842012200820172016
Current releasev20, April 20235.0.0, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1commercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedserver-lessLinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyeshybrid - fields need to be configured prior to indexing, but relationships can be exploited at query time without pre-configurationyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APIGSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoyes
Triggersyesyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsgranular access controls, API key management, content filtersnoRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCoveoSpatiaLiteTigerGraphToroDB
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