DBMS > 4D vs. Coveo vs. SpatiaLite vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Coveo vs. SpatiaLite vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

AI-powered hosted search, recommendation and personalization platform providing tools for both low-code and full-code development

Spatial extension of SQLite

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	2.11
Rank	#118	Overall
	#11	Search engines

Score	1.63
Rank	#146	Overall
	#3	Spatial DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.coveo.com

www.gaia-gis.it/fossil/libspatialite/index

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.coveo.com

www.gaia-gis.it/gaia-sins/spatialite_topics.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Coveo

Alessandro Furieri

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2012

2008

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

5.0.0, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

server-less

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

hybrid - fields need to be configured prior to indexing, but relationships can be exploited at query time without pre-configuration

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
Java
JavaScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

granular access controls, API key management, content filters

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Spatial database management systems
6 April 2021, Matthias Gelbmann

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