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DBMS > 4D vs. Coveo vs. FoundationDB vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Coveo vs. FoundationDB vs. RRDtool

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCoveo  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAI-powered hosted search, recommendation and personalization platform providing tools for both low-code and full-code developmentOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.11
Rank#118  Overall
#11  Search engines
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score1.90
Rank#132  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.coveo.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdboss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.coveo.comapple.github.io/­foundationdboss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­doc
Developer4D, IncCoveoFoundationDBTobias Oetiker
Initial release1984201220131999
Current releasev20, April 20236.2.28, November 20201.8.0, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSS
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
HP-UX
Linux
Data schemeyeshybrid - fields need to be configured prior to indexing, but relationships can be exploited at query time without pre-configurationschema-free infosome layers support schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possible
Secondary indexesyesyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nosupported in specific SQL layer onlyno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APIin-process shared library
Pipes
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoin SQL-layer onlyno
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesin SQL-layer onlyno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemon
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsgranular access controls, API key management, content filtersnono

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCoveoFoundationDBRRDtool
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