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DBMS > 4D vs. Coveo vs. FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Coveo vs. FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. Tkrzw

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCoveo  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAI-powered hosted search, recommendation and personalization platform providing tools for both low-code and full-code developmentOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value storeKey-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.28
Rank#114  Overall
#11  Search engines
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.coveo.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldbdbmx.net/­tkrzw
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.coveo.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
Developer4D, IncCoveoFoundationDBGoogleMikio Hirabayashi
Initial release19842012201320112020
Current releasev20, April 20236.2.28, November 20201.23, February 20210.9.3, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyeshybrid - fields need to be configured prior to indexing, but relationships can be exploited at query time without pre-configurationschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingnono
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nosupported in specific SQL layer onlynono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C++
Java
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoin SQL-layer onlynono
Triggersyesyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesyesnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesin SQL-layer onlynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing specific database classes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsgranular access controls, API key management, content filtersnonono

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCoveoFoundationDBLevelDBTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
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