DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. RDFox vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. RDFox vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.68
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	10.26
Rank	#45	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	0.24
Rank	#309	Overall
	#25	Graph DBMS
	#14	RDF stores

Website

www.4d.com

couchdb.apache.org

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

Oxford Semantic Technologies

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2005

2017

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.3.3, December 2023

6.0, Septermber 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Erlang

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF schemas

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

C
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

View functions in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

replication via a shared file system

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single document possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Roles, resources, and access types

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Couchbase climbs up the DB-Engines Ranking, increasing its popularity by 10% every month
2 June 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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Recent citations in the news

How to install the CouchDB NoSQL database on Debian Server 11
16 June 2022, TechRepublic

IBM Cloudant pulls plan to fund new foundational layer for CouchDB
15 March 2022, The Register

CouchDB 3.0 ends admin party era • DEVCLASS
27 February 2020, DevClass

CouchDB 3.0 puts safety first
27 February 2020, InfoWorld

How to Connect Your Flask App With CouchDB: A NoSQL Database - MUO
14 August 2021, MakeUseOf

provided by Google News

Use semantic reasoning to infer new facts from your RDF graph by integrating RDFox with Amazon Neptune | Amazon ...
20 February 2023, AWS Blog

Eight interesting open-source graph databases
3 January 2023, INDIAai

Financial Crime Discovery using Amazon EKS and Graph Databases | Amazon Web Services
1 February 2022, AWS Blog

provided by Google News

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