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DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Valentina Server vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Valentina Server vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonValentina Server  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerObject-relational database and reports serverVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#327  Overall
#145  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.4d.comcouchdb.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.valentina-db.netvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsvalentina-db.com/­docs/­dokuwiki/­v5/­doku.phpdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerMicrosoftParadigma SoftwareOpenLink Software
Initial release19842005201619991998
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 20235.7.57.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageErlangC++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ODBCADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C#
C++
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
Visual Basic
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptTransact SQLyesyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Sharding, horizontal partitioningyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseValentina ServerVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
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Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
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Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
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Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseValentina ServerVirtuoso
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