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DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. Kdb vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. Kdb vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.High performance Time Series DBMSA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Graph DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score7.55
Rank#53  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcouchdb.apache.orgkx.comwww.tigergraph.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablecode.kx.comdocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plc8Kdata
Initial release198420052000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 200320172016
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 20233.6, May 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infofree 32-bit versioncommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageErlangqC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyes infotable attribute 'grouped'
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSQL-like query language (q)SQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIHTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptuser defined functionsyes
Triggersyesyesyes infowith viewsnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possiblenoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databaserights management via user accountsRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"KdbTigerGraphToroDB
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"KdbTigerGraphToroDB
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