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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Datomic

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Datomic

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.datomic.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.datomic.com
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerCognitect
Initial release1984201320052012
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 20231.0.6735, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercial infolimited edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ErlangJava, Clojure
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsnono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIRESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptyes infoTransaction Functions
TriggersyesnoyesBy using transaction functions
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peers
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peers
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes inforecommended only for testing and development
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Datomic
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