DBMS > 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. ToroDB vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. ToroDB vs. Weaviate

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.68
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	6.10
Rank	#58	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	1.89
Rank	#138	Overall
	#4	Vector DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.cockroachlabs.com

github.com/torodb/server

github.com/weaviate/weaviate
weaviate.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

weaviate.io/developers/weaviate

Developer

4D, Inc

Cockroach Labs

8Kdata

Weaviate B.V.

Initial release

1984

2015

2016

2019

Current release

v20, April 2023

23.1.1, May 2023

1.19, May 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Open Source

commercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

dynamic schema

schema-free

yes, maps to GraphQL interface

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

yes

string, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

GraphQL is used as query language

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC

GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

JavaScript / TypeScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles

API Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more

Competitive advantages

Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
» more

Typical application scenarios

As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more

Key customers

All companies that have data.
» more

Market metrics

As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

show all

Weaviate, an ANN Database with CRUD support
2 February 2021, Etienne Dilocker, SeMI Technologies (sponsor)

show all

Recent citations in the news

CockroachDB 23.2 Enhances Enterprise Architectures with Improved Postgres Compatibility and Built-in Resilience
18 January 2024, PR Newswire

CockroachDB tempts legacy databases to crawl into the cloud age
29 January 2024, The Register

How to Unlock Real-Time Data Streams with CockroachDB and Amazon MSK | Amazon Web Services
6 November 2023, AWS Blog

How DoorDash Migrated from Aurora Postgres to CockroachDB
5 December 2023, The New Stack

Cockroach Labs Deepens Partnership with Google Cloud, CockroachDB Selected to Join Google Distributed Cloud
9 April 2024, Yahoo Finance

provided by Google News

Weaviate Partners with Snowflake to Bring Secure GenAI to Snowpark Container Services
8 February 2024, Datanami

Getting Started with Weaviate: A Beginner's Guide to Search with Vector Databases
18 July 2023, Towards Data Science

The 5 Best Vector Databases You Must Try in 2024
17 November 2023, KDnuggets

Weaviate Raises $50 Million Series B Funding to Meet Soaring Demand for AI Native Vector Database Technology ...
21 April 2023, PR Newswire

How to choose your vector database?
26 June 2023, sicara.fr

provided by Google News

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